Therefore, many thatched houses existed in villages in mountainous areas until around the middle of the 20th century in Japan. On the other hand, it was easier to obtain the material such as Japanese pampas grass, cogon or rice straw in villages and it was possible to jointly gather these materials and repair roofs during the agricultural off-season. Thatch was prohibited in some urban areas of Edo. In Japan, as communities grew larger and developed into densely-packed urban areas, its flammability was a serious disadvantage, therefore, such roofs disappeared rapidly in urban areas, and town houses along roads to be replaced by tiled roofs. However, its disadvantage is its short life and the fact that it may easily catch fire from neighboring fires. The roof has advantages such as good air permeability/heat retention abilities and also reduces the sound of falling rain. Thus, the roof must be made steeper to prevent rain from seeping in. However, if plant materials with thick stalks are used, the gaps between the stalks are larger and tend to let the rain seep in. Steep roofs are used to prevent rain from seeping in. However, shrine buildings are shorter-lived than private houses because fire is rarely used inside the building. When a kamado (kitchen range, cooking stove) and/or a fireplace (a sunken hearth) is used within a building, it increases the durability of such a roof. They are used after sufficient drying until spring but are sometimes smoked before being use to increase their durability. Therefore, such material is usually collected in the winter after they die. Plant material for roofs quickly rots if they are used in a moist condition. The possibility that buildings in the Nara period onwards might have been kokera (bark tiles)-roofed or bark-roofed has been investigated but restorations of the roofs of pit dwellings from Yayoi or earlier periods ruins (for example, Toro Ruins) are usually thatched. It is also thought that dwellings using only a thatched roof were built in the Jomon period of Japan. It is said that thatch is the most primitive roof in various areas of the world. Kaya is an alternative name for susuki or Japanese pampas grass, but it is sometimes as a general term for chigaya (Imperata cylindrica). Thatch is seen worldwide, including England and Germany. ![]() It is sometimes called straw-thatching or grass-thatching depending on the material used. ![]() Kayabuki is a type of roof structure using kaya (grass) (Japanese pampas grass or cogon) as the material for thatching and is also called kaya-thatched roof.
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